The Relationship between Transdiagnostic Constructs and Insomnia in Students
,
Abstract
Background and Objective: Insomnia is a universal phenomenon that many people experience and is characterized by difficulty in sleep initiation, maintaining sleep, waking up early in the morning, and inability to return to sleep. Due to its high prevalence and the effect of insomnia on the mental and physical performance of individuals, especially stu-dents, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between transdiagnostic structures and insomnia disorder in students.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Population of this study was 400 medical students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran, who were selected by non-random sampling method. Research tools included demographic characteristics questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), 12-question Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Anxiety Sensitivity Index-Third Edition (ASI-3), and Repetitive Thinking Questionnaire (RTQ). Research data were analyzed using LISREL software.
Results: The average age of students was 21.54 years. Transdiagnostic constructs explained a total of 9% of insomnia disorders in students. Insomnia disorders in women were significantly higher than in men; moreover, in the single group was higher than in the married group.
Conclusion: Transdiagnostic constructs can predict insomnia in students.
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6. Alapin I, Fichten CS, Libman E, et al. How is good and poor sleep in older adults and college students related to daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and ability to concentrate? J Psychosom Res 2000; 49: 381-90.
7. Brown TA, Campbell LA, Lehman CL, et al. Current and lifetime comorbidity of the DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders in a large clinical sample. J Ab-norm Psychol 2001; 110: 585-99.
8. Mansell W, Harvey A, Watkins E, et al. Conceptual foundations of the transdiagnostic approach to CBT. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 2009; 23: 6-19.
9. Barlow DH, Allen LB, Choate ML. Toward a unified treatment for emotional disorders. Behav Ther 2004; 35: 205-30.
10. Gratz KL, Roemer L. Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 2004; 26: 41-54.
11. Baglioni C, Spiegelhalder K, Lombardo C, et al. Sleep and emotions: A focus on insomnia. Sleep Med Rev 2010; 14: 227-38.
12. Ehring T, Watkins ER. Repetitive negative thinking as a transdiagnostic process. Int J Cogn Ther 2008; 1: 192-205.
13. Ehring T, Zetsche U, Weidacker K, et al. The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ): Validation of a content-independent measure of repetitive negative thinking. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2011; 42: 225-32.
14. Galbiati A, Giora E, Verga L, et al. Worry and rumination traits are associated with polysomnographic indices of disrupted sleep in insomnia disorder. Sleep Medicine 2017; 40: e105.
15. Reiss S, McNally RJ. Expectancy model of fear. In: Reiss S, Bootzin RR, Editors. Theoretical issues in behaviour therapy. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. 1985. p. 107-21.
16. Wright KD, Asmundson GJ, McCreary DR, et al. Confirmatory factor analysis of the childhood anxiety sensitivity index: A gender comparison. Cogn Behav Ther 2010; 39: 225-35.
17. Ramsawh HJ, Stein MB, Belik SL, et al. Relation-ship of anxiety disorders, sleep quality, and functional impairment in a community sample. J Psychiatr Res 2009; 43: 926-33.
18. Boswell JF, Thompson-Hollands J, Farchione TJ, et al. Intolerance of uncertainty: A common factor in the treatment of emotional disorders. J Clin Psychol 2013; 69: 630-45.
19. Dugas MJ, Buhr K, Ladouceur R. The role of intolerance of uncertainty in etiology and maintenance. Generalized anxiety disorder: Advances in research and practice. New York, NY: The Guilford Press; 2004. p. 143-63.
20. Morin CM, Belleville G, Belanger L, et al. The Insomnia Severity Index: Psychometric indicators to detect insomnia cases and evaluate treatment response. Sleep 2011; 34: 601-8.
21. Yazdi Z, Sadeghniiat-Haghighi K, Zohal MA, et al. Validity and reliability of the Iranian version of the insomnia severity index. Malays J Med Sci 2012; 19: 31-6.
22. Asgari P, Pasha GR, Aminiyan M. Relationship between emotion regulation, mental stresses and body image with eating disorders of women. Journal of Thought and Behavior in Clinical Psychology 2009; 4: 65-78. [In Persian].
23. Carleton RN, Sharpe D, Asmundson GJ. Anxiety sensitivity and intolerance of uncertainty: Requisites of the fundamental fears? Behav Res Ther 2007; 45: 2307-16.
24. Reiss S, Peterson RA, Gursky DM, et al. Anxiety sensitivity, anxiety frequency and the prediction of fearfulness. Behav Res Ther 1986; 24: 1-8.
25. Taylor S, Cox BJ. An expanded anxiety sensitivity index: evidence for a hierarchic structure in a clinical sample. J Anxiety Disord 1998; 12: 463-83.
26. Norr AM, Allan NP, Macatee RJ, et al. The effects of an anxiety sensitivity intervention on anxiety, depression, and worry: Mediation through affect toler-ances. Behav Res Ther 2014; 59: 12-9.
27. Schmidt NB, Capron DW, Raines AM, et al. Randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of a brief intervention targeting anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns. J Consult Clin Psychol 2014; 82: 1023-33.
28. Beirami M, Akbari E, Qasempour A, et al. An investigation of anxiety sensitivity, meta-worry and components of emotion regulation in students with and without social anxiety. Clinical Psychology Studies 2012; 2: 40-69. [In Persian].
29. Mcevoy P, Thibodeau M, Asmundson G. Trait repetitive negative thinking: a brief transdiagnostic assessment. J Exp Psychopathol 2014; 5: 1-17.
30. Akbari M. Psychometric Properties of Repetitive Thinking Questionnaire in Nonclinical Sample: Trans diagnostic Tool. Journal of Clinical Psychology 2017; 9: 59-72. [In Persian].
31. Vieira AL. Interactive LISREL in practice. Heidel-berg, Germany: Springer. 2011.
32. Weiner CL, Meredith ER, Pincus D, et al. Anxiety sensitivity and sleep-related problems in anxious youth. J Anxiety Disord 2015; 32: 66-72.
33. Bahrami M, Dehdashti A, Karami M.Sleep quality and its causes and consequences from the perspectives of students residing in the dormitories of school of health: Cosectional study in Semnan University of Medical Sciences in 2016. Koomesh 2018; 20: 96-104. [In Persian].
34. Hasler BP, Smith LJ, Cousins JC, et al. Circadian rhythms, sleep, and substance abuse. Sleep Med Rev 2012; 16: 67-81.
35. Kenney SR, LaBrie JW, Hummer JF, et al. Global sleep quality as a moderator of alcohol consumption and consequences in college students. Addict Behav 2012; 37: 507-12.
36. Farahmand Mehr Z, Noori A. P76: The mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation in the relation-ship between dysfunctional attitudes and anxiety sensitivity among students of the islamic azad university of hamadan. Shefaye Khatam 2014; 2: 100. [In Persian].
37. Noori A, Farahmand Mehr Z. P74: The role of emotion dysregulation and anxiety sensitivity in sleep disturbance in students. Shefaye Khatam 2014; 2: 98. [In Persian].
38. Badrian A, Haghayegh SA, Nikyar HR. The relationships between anxiety sensitivity, irritability, intrusive thoughts and sleep problems in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of Practice in Clinical Psychology, 2017; 5: 45-54.
39. Nota JA, Coles ME. Duration and timing of sleep are associated with repetitive negative thinking. Cognit Ther Res 2015; 39: 253-61.
40. Carney CE, Edinger JD, Morin CM, et al. Examining maladaptive beliefs about sleep across insomnia patient groups. J Psychosom Res 2010; 68: 57-65.
41. Eidelman P, Talbot L, Ivers H, et al. Change in dysfunctional beliefs about sleep in behavior therapy, cognitive therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia. Behav Ther 2016; 47: 102-15.
42. Schmidt RE, Harvey AG, Van der Linden M. Cognitive and affective control in insomnia. Front Psychol 2011; 2: 349.
43. Kirwan M, Pickett SM, Jarrett NL. Emotion regulation as a moderator between anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptom severity. Psychiatry Res 2017; 254: 40-7.
44. Mansouri A, Nejat H, Mansouri N. The mediating role of emotion regulation difficulties in the relation-ship between the brain behavioral systems and the se-verity of insomnia. J Res Behav Sci 2017; 15: 501-7. [In Persian].
45. Laugesen N, Dugas MJ, Bukowski WM. Under-standing adolescent worry: The application of a cognitive model. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2003; 31: 55-64.
46. McGowan SK, Behar E, Luhmann M. Examining the relationship between worry and sleep: A daily process approach. Behav Ther 2016; 47: 460-73.
2. Taylor DJ, Bramoweth AD, Grieser EA, et al. Epidemiology of insomnia in college students: Relationship with mental health, quality of life, and substance use difficulties. Behav Ther 2013; 44: 339-48.
3. Hicks RA, Fernandez C, Pellegrini RJ. Striking changes in the sleep satisfaction of university students over the last two decades. Percept Mot Skills 2001; 93: 660.
4. Nojomi M, Ghalhe Bandi MF, Kaffashi S. Sleep pattern in medical students and residents. Arch Iran Med 2009; 12: 542-9.
5. Landrigan CP, Rothschild JM, Cronin JW, et al. Effect of reducing interns' work hours on serious medical errors in intensive care units. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1838-48.
6. Alapin I, Fichten CS, Libman E, et al. How is good and poor sleep in older adults and college students related to daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and ability to concentrate? J Psychosom Res 2000; 49: 381-90.
7. Brown TA, Campbell LA, Lehman CL, et al. Current and lifetime comorbidity of the DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders in a large clinical sample. J Ab-norm Psychol 2001; 110: 585-99.
8. Mansell W, Harvey A, Watkins E, et al. Conceptual foundations of the transdiagnostic approach to CBT. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 2009; 23: 6-19.
9. Barlow DH, Allen LB, Choate ML. Toward a unified treatment for emotional disorders. Behav Ther 2004; 35: 205-30.
10. Gratz KL, Roemer L. Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 2004; 26: 41-54.
11. Baglioni C, Spiegelhalder K, Lombardo C, et al. Sleep and emotions: A focus on insomnia. Sleep Med Rev 2010; 14: 227-38.
12. Ehring T, Watkins ER. Repetitive negative thinking as a transdiagnostic process. Int J Cogn Ther 2008; 1: 192-205.
13. Ehring T, Zetsche U, Weidacker K, et al. The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ): Validation of a content-independent measure of repetitive negative thinking. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2011; 42: 225-32.
14. Galbiati A, Giora E, Verga L, et al. Worry and rumination traits are associated with polysomnographic indices of disrupted sleep in insomnia disorder. Sleep Medicine 2017; 40: e105.
15. Reiss S, McNally RJ. Expectancy model of fear. In: Reiss S, Bootzin RR, Editors. Theoretical issues in behaviour therapy. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. 1985. p. 107-21.
16. Wright KD, Asmundson GJ, McCreary DR, et al. Confirmatory factor analysis of the childhood anxiety sensitivity index: A gender comparison. Cogn Behav Ther 2010; 39: 225-35.
17. Ramsawh HJ, Stein MB, Belik SL, et al. Relation-ship of anxiety disorders, sleep quality, and functional impairment in a community sample. J Psychiatr Res 2009; 43: 926-33.
18. Boswell JF, Thompson-Hollands J, Farchione TJ, et al. Intolerance of uncertainty: A common factor in the treatment of emotional disorders. J Clin Psychol 2013; 69: 630-45.
19. Dugas MJ, Buhr K, Ladouceur R. The role of intolerance of uncertainty in etiology and maintenance. Generalized anxiety disorder: Advances in research and practice. New York, NY: The Guilford Press; 2004. p. 143-63.
20. Morin CM, Belleville G, Belanger L, et al. The Insomnia Severity Index: Psychometric indicators to detect insomnia cases and evaluate treatment response. Sleep 2011; 34: 601-8.
21. Yazdi Z, Sadeghniiat-Haghighi K, Zohal MA, et al. Validity and reliability of the Iranian version of the insomnia severity index. Malays J Med Sci 2012; 19: 31-6.
22. Asgari P, Pasha GR, Aminiyan M. Relationship between emotion regulation, mental stresses and body image with eating disorders of women. Journal of Thought and Behavior in Clinical Psychology 2009; 4: 65-78. [In Persian].
23. Carleton RN, Sharpe D, Asmundson GJ. Anxiety sensitivity and intolerance of uncertainty: Requisites of the fundamental fears? Behav Res Ther 2007; 45: 2307-16.
24. Reiss S, Peterson RA, Gursky DM, et al. Anxiety sensitivity, anxiety frequency and the prediction of fearfulness. Behav Res Ther 1986; 24: 1-8.
25. Taylor S, Cox BJ. An expanded anxiety sensitivity index: evidence for a hierarchic structure in a clinical sample. J Anxiety Disord 1998; 12: 463-83.
26. Norr AM, Allan NP, Macatee RJ, et al. The effects of an anxiety sensitivity intervention on anxiety, depression, and worry: Mediation through affect toler-ances. Behav Res Ther 2014; 59: 12-9.
27. Schmidt NB, Capron DW, Raines AM, et al. Randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of a brief intervention targeting anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns. J Consult Clin Psychol 2014; 82: 1023-33.
28. Beirami M, Akbari E, Qasempour A, et al. An investigation of anxiety sensitivity, meta-worry and components of emotion regulation in students with and without social anxiety. Clinical Psychology Studies 2012; 2: 40-69. [In Persian].
29. Mcevoy P, Thibodeau M, Asmundson G. Trait repetitive negative thinking: a brief transdiagnostic assessment. J Exp Psychopathol 2014; 5: 1-17.
30. Akbari M. Psychometric Properties of Repetitive Thinking Questionnaire in Nonclinical Sample: Trans diagnostic Tool. Journal of Clinical Psychology 2017; 9: 59-72. [In Persian].
31. Vieira AL. Interactive LISREL in practice. Heidel-berg, Germany: Springer. 2011.
32. Weiner CL, Meredith ER, Pincus D, et al. Anxiety sensitivity and sleep-related problems in anxious youth. J Anxiety Disord 2015; 32: 66-72.
33. Bahrami M, Dehdashti A, Karami M.Sleep quality and its causes and consequences from the perspectives of students residing in the dormitories of school of health: Cosectional study in Semnan University of Medical Sciences in 2016. Koomesh 2018; 20: 96-104. [In Persian].
34. Hasler BP, Smith LJ, Cousins JC, et al. Circadian rhythms, sleep, and substance abuse. Sleep Med Rev 2012; 16: 67-81.
35. Kenney SR, LaBrie JW, Hummer JF, et al. Global sleep quality as a moderator of alcohol consumption and consequences in college students. Addict Behav 2012; 37: 507-12.
36. Farahmand Mehr Z, Noori A. P76: The mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation in the relation-ship between dysfunctional attitudes and anxiety sensitivity among students of the islamic azad university of hamadan. Shefaye Khatam 2014; 2: 100. [In Persian].
37. Noori A, Farahmand Mehr Z. P74: The role of emotion dysregulation and anxiety sensitivity in sleep disturbance in students. Shefaye Khatam 2014; 2: 98. [In Persian].
38. Badrian A, Haghayegh SA, Nikyar HR. The relationships between anxiety sensitivity, irritability, intrusive thoughts and sleep problems in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of Practice in Clinical Psychology, 2017; 5: 45-54.
39. Nota JA, Coles ME. Duration and timing of sleep are associated with repetitive negative thinking. Cognit Ther Res 2015; 39: 253-61.
40. Carney CE, Edinger JD, Morin CM, et al. Examining maladaptive beliefs about sleep across insomnia patient groups. J Psychosom Res 2010; 68: 57-65.
41. Eidelman P, Talbot L, Ivers H, et al. Change in dysfunctional beliefs about sleep in behavior therapy, cognitive therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia. Behav Ther 2016; 47: 102-15.
42. Schmidt RE, Harvey AG, Van der Linden M. Cognitive and affective control in insomnia. Front Psychol 2011; 2: 349.
43. Kirwan M, Pickett SM, Jarrett NL. Emotion regulation as a moderator between anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptom severity. Psychiatry Res 2017; 254: 40-7.
44. Mansouri A, Nejat H, Mansouri N. The mediating role of emotion regulation difficulties in the relation-ship between the brain behavioral systems and the se-verity of insomnia. J Res Behav Sci 2017; 15: 501-7. [In Persian].
45. Laugesen N, Dugas MJ, Bukowski WM. Under-standing adolescent worry: The application of a cognitive model. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2003; 31: 55-64.
46. McGowan SK, Behar E, Luhmann M. Examining the relationship between worry and sleep: A daily process approach. Behav Ther 2016; 47: 460-73.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 5 No 4 (2020): Autumn | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jss.v5i4.7808 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Insomnia Transdiagnostic Emotion regulation Students | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Tavallaee-Nejad Z, Zenoozian S, Rezaei M. The Relationship between Transdiagnostic Constructs and Insomnia in Students. J Sleep Sci. 2021;5(4):155-162.
