Original Article

Sleep Disorders and Fatigue among Health Care Providers Working at University Hospitals

Abstract

Background and Objective: Sleep disorder and fatigue are common among health care workers (HCWs) and negative-ly affect their quality of life and caregiving to the patients. Early diagnosis and rapid modification of causative factors might prevent the potential disastrous results of these problems on personal and population health. This study aimed to evaluate the state of sleep and fatigue among HCWs of hospitals affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sci-ences, Iran, and their related factors.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2014 to December 2014 among HCWs at hospitals of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Demographic data, medical history, and occupation-al shift information were recorded. Sleep quality was assessed by the valid and reliable Persian versions of Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Fatigue was evaluated by valid and reliable Persian version of Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.
Results: 595 HCWs participated in the study. According to ISI, 48.4% of HCWs experienced subthreshold insomnia, 25.4% were affected by moderate, and 5.0% by severe clinical insomnia. PSQI indicated poor sleep quality in 79.8% of the participants. 71.6% of HCWs had FSS of 4 or more, which was correlated to gender, age, and sleep quality. Correla-tion of sleep quality components with participants’ shift characteristics was also investigated.
Conclusion: Sleep disorders and fatigue are common in HCWs of university hospitals. Correction of certain modifiable factors can reduce negative consequences of sleep disorders and fatigue in HCWs.

1. Ghalichi L, Pournik O, Ghaffari M, et al. Sleep quality among health care workers. Arch Iran Med 2013; 16: 100-3.
2. Mathew JJ, Joseph M, Britto M, et al. Shift work disorder and its related factors among health-care workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangalore, India. Pak J Med Sci 2018; 34: 1076-81.
3. Sateia MJ. International classification of sleep disorders-third edition: Highlights and modifications. Chest 2014; 146: 1387-94.
4. Di ML, Waage S, Pallesen S, et al. Shift work dis-order in a random population sample-prevalence and comorbidities. PLoS One 2013; 8: e55306.
5. Burch JB, Alexander M, Balte P, et al. Shift work and heart rate variability coherence: Pilot study among nurses. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2019; 44: 21-30.
6. Muecke S. Effects of rotating night shifts: literature review. J Adv Nurs 2005; 50: 433-9.
7. Bastien CH, Vallieres A, Morin CM. Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Med 2001; 2: 297-307.
8. Yazdi Z, Sadeghniiat-Haghighi K, Zohal MA, et al. Validity and reliability of the Iranian version of the insomnia severity index. Malays J Med Sci 2012; 19: 31-6.
9. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, III, Monk TH, et al. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res 1989; 28: 193-213.
10. Farrahi MJ, Nakhaee N, Sheibani V, et al. Reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-P). Sleep Breath 2012; 16: 79-82.
11. Krupp LB, LaRocca NG, Muir-Nash J, et al. The fatigue severity scale. Application to patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch Neurol 1989; 46: 1121-3.
12. Fereshtehnejad SM, Hadizadeh H, Farhadi F, et al. Reliability and validity of the Persian version of the fatigue severity scale in idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients. Parkinsons Dis 2013; 2013: 935429.
13. Harvey AG, Stinson K, Whitaker KL, et al. The subjective meaning of sleep quality: A comparison of individuals with and without insomnia. Sleep 2008; 31: 383-93.
14. Chan MF. Factors associated with perceived sleep quality of nurses working on rotating shifts. J Clin Nurs 2009; 18: 285-93.
15. Flo E, Pallesen S, Mageroy N, et al. Shift work disorder in nurses--assessment, prevalence and related health problems. PLoS One 2012; 7: e33981.
16. Doi Y, Minowa M. Gender differences in excessive daytime sleepiness among Japanese workers. Soc Sci Med 2003; 56: 883-94.
17. Tang J, Liao Y, Kelly BC, et al. Gender and regional differences in sleep quality and insomnia: A general population-based study in Hunan Province of China. Sci Rep 2017; 7: 43690.
18. Wu Y, Zhai L, Zhang D. Sleep duration and obesity among adults: A meta-analysis of prospective studies. Sleep Med 2014; 15: 1456-62.
19. Vargas PA. The link between inadequate sleep and obesity in young adults. Curr Obes Rep 2016; 5: 38-50.
20. Elder BL, Ammar EM, Pile D. Sleep Duration, activity levels, and measures of obesity in adults. Public Health Nurs 2016; 33: 200-5.
21. Ogilvie RP, Patel SR. The epidemiology of sleep and obesity. Sleep Health 2017; 3: 383-8.
22. Rahe C, Czira ME, Teismann H, et al. Associations between poor sleep quality and different measures of obesity. Sleep Med 2015; 16: 1225-8.
23. Chang P, Friedenberg F. Obesity and GERD. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2014; 43: 161-73.
24. Pickering ME, Chapurlat R, Kocher L, et al. Sleep disturbances and osteoarthritis. Pain Pract 2016; 16: 237-44.
25. Brumpton B, Langhammer A, Romundstad P, et al. General and abdominal obesity and incident asthma in adults: the HUNT study. Eur Respir J 2013; 41: 323-9.
26. Anbazhagan S, Ramesh N, Nisha C, et al. Shift work disorder and related health problems among nurses working in a tertiary care hospital, Bangalore, South India. Indian J Occup Environ Med 2016; 20: 35-8.
27. Akerstedt T, Wright KP. Sleep loss and fatigue in shift work and shift work disorder. Sleep Med Clin 2009; 4: 257-71.
28. Lockley SW, Cronin JW, Evans EE, et al. Effect of reducing interns' weekly work hours on sleep and attentional failures. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1829-37.
29. Luckhaupt SE, Tak S, Calvert GM. The prevalence of short sleep duration by industry and occupation in the National Health Interview Survey. Sleep 2010; 33: 149-59.
30. Pilcher JJ, Lambert BJ, Huffcutt AI. Differential effects of permanent and rotating shifts on self-report sleep length: A meta-analytic review. Sleep 2000; 23: 155-63.
31. Patterson PD, Runyon MS, Higgins JS, et al. Shorter versus longer shift durations to mitigate fatigue and fatigue-related risks in emergency medical services personnel and related shift workers: A systematic re-view. Prehosp Emerg Care 2018; 22: 28-36.
32. Haluza D, Blasche G. Fatigue and insufficient leisure opportunities in older employees. J Occup Environ Med 2016; 58: e268-e274.
33. Corfield EC, Martin NG, Nyholt DR. Cooccurrence and symptomatology of fatigue and depression. Compr Psychiatry 2016; 71: 1-10.
34. Madsen IEH, Nyberg ST, Magnusson Hanson LL, et al. Job strain as a risk factor for clinical depression: Systematic review and meta-analysis with additional
individual participant data. Psychol Med 2017; 47: 1342-56.
35. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Short sleep duration among workers--United States, 2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2012; 61: 281-5.
36. Shockey TM, Wheaton AG. Short sleep duration by occupation group - 29 states, 2013-2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017; 66: 207-13.
37. Bolster L, Rourke L. The effect of restricting residents' duty hours on patient safety, resident well-being, and resident education: An updated systematic review. J Grad Med Educ 2015; 7: 349-63.
Files
IssueVol 5 No 1 (2020): Winter QRcode
SectionOriginal Article(s)
DOI https://doi.org/10.18502/jss.v5i1.4570
Keywords
Sleep disorders; Fatigue; Health personnel; Shift work schedule

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Tabrizi N, Sharifi Razavi A, Alizadeh M. Sleep Disorders and Fatigue among Health Care Providers Working at University Hospitals. J Sleep Sci. 2020;5(1):28-34.