Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Sleep Sciences 2476-2938 8 3-4 2026 07 26 82 89 Hasan Ahmadi Gharaei Vice Chancellery of Education and Research, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran Fatemeh Ghorbani Department of Deputy of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sara Naderpoor Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Vida Alizad Department of Movement Neuroscience Team, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia Soodabeh Ghasemi Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zahra Hasanalizadeh Department of Aging Health, Iranian Research Centre on Ageing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Foozieh Noori Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Elham Momen Baghsiyahi Department of Surgical Technology Group, Razi Hospital, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran 2024 01 05 2024 09 14 Background and Objective: The global aging population is increasing. Aging is associated with a gradual decrease in physiological activities and an increased risk of chronic diseases and sleep disorders. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of sleep quality among elderly people. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 894 elderly individuals aged 60 years or older, selected using a multistage sampling method in Varamin City, Tehran Province, Iran. Data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Mean and frequency were used for descriptive analysis, and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for poor sleep quality. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, and Stata software was used for data analysis. Results: Of the participants, 509 (56.5%) were women, and the mean age was 69.1 ± 7.5 years. The overall prevalence of poor sleep quality was 39.8%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that poor sleep quality was signifi-cantly associated with female sex [male odds ratio (OR)=0.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.4-0.7], coronary heart disease (CHD) (OR=1.9, 95% CI: 1.5-3.0), gastrointestinal (GI) disease (OR=1.8, 95% CI: 1.5-3.0), and depression (OR=3.6, 95% CI: 2.1-6.2). There was no relationship between age, marital status, occupation, education, financial sta-tus, and other diseases with sleep quality (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Poor sleep quality among elderly individuals was relatively common and more prevalent among women. Moreover, comorbidities such as depression, CHD, and GI diseases were identified as factors affecting the quality of sleep in elderly people. https://jss.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jss/article/view/281